تحلیل نقش تدوین‌کنندگان بودجه در دانشگاه‌های ایران با استفاده از نظریه نقش‌های بودجه‌ای ویداوسکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای حسابداری دانشگاه تهران.

2 دانشیار حسابداری دانشگاه تهران.

چکیده

مقدمه: در کشوری مانند ایران که دانشگاه‌های دولتی میزان قابل توجهی از منابع خود را از طریق تخصیص بودجه دولت به‌دست می‌آورند، بررسی فرایند تدوین بودجه در جهت یافتن راه‌های بهبود احتمالی مهم است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر شناسایی درک ذهنی مشارکت‌کنندگان در فرایند تدوین بودجه و تحلیل پیامدهای آن در نظام بودجه‌ای با استفاده از نظریه نقش‌های بودجه‌ای ویداوسکی است.
روش پژوهش: این پژوهش در حوزه تدوین بودجه دانشگاه‌ها و به روش نظریه بنیادی در قالب نظریه نقش‌های بودجه‌ای ویداوسکی انجام شده است.  اطلاعات این پژوهش طی انجام 23 مصاحبه عمیق در سه دستگاه اجرایی شامل وزرات علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری، سازمان مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی کشور و دانشگاه‌ها و مؤسسات پژوهشی در سال 1395 جمع‌آوری شده است.
یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که دانشگاه‌ها و مؤسسات پژوهشی به عنوان خرج‌کنندگان بودجه، بودجه را «مذاکره‌ای» می‌دانند و این ادراک ذهنی به «سوگیری» در تدوین بودجه ‌منتهی می‌شود. هم‌چنین، درک ذهنی در وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری و سازمان مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی کشور به عنوان نگهبانان بودجه، به ترتیب، حاکی از «خروجی‌محور بودن» و «اطلاعات‌محور بودن» بودجه است که منجر به «استاندارد شدن فعالیت دانشگاه‌ها و مؤسسات پژوهشی» می‌شود.
نتیجه‌گیری: ادراکات ذهنی خرج‌کنندگان بودجه و نگهبانان بودجه در نظام تدوین بودجه در دانشگاه‌های ایران یک‌سو نیست و این امر منجر به بروز پیامدهای متضاد در فرایند تدوین بودجه از جانب کنش‌گران می‌شود. به این ترتیب، پیشنهاد می‌شود در راستای تغییر در نظام بودجه‌ریزی کشور یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر برای شناخت بیشتر فرایند بودجه‌ریزی بکار گرفته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis on the Role of University Budgeters in Iran, Using Wildavsky's Budgetary Roles

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzaneh Jalali Aliabadi 1
  • Bita Mashayekhi 2
چکیده [English]

Introduction: It seems to be very vital to survey on university budget in a country like Iran, in which universities and research institute's financial resources are obtained through public budget allocation. The aim of this research is to understand the intellectual perception of budgeteers at Iranian universities and analyze its consequence using Wildavsky's Budgetary Roles.

Research Method: In this paper we are going to present a result of a survey form Wildavsky budgetary roles perspective, which has done using Grounded Theory method. Participants are chosen from budget department at universities and research institutes, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (MSRT) and also Management and Planning Organization (MPO) of Iran. Based on the research result, two groups of "Guardians" and "Spenders" are recognized according to the Wildavsky's budgetary roles.
Results: Results display that universities and research institutes, as budget spenders understand budget as a negotiation process that lead to slack in budgeting. On the other hand, intellectual perception at MSRT and MPO is "budgeting as an output oriented process" and "budgeting as an information based process" respectively. The consequence of these budget perceptions among budget guardians is standardizing universities practice.
Conclusion: According to the result, intellectual perception of budget guardians and spenders in Iranian universities are not congruent and this lead to contradictory consequence in budgeting system. The result of this research can be stated as an important factor in success at new budgeting methods implementation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Budgetary roles"
  • "University Budget"
  • "Intellectual perception"
  • "Grounded Theory"
  • "Wildavsky Budgetary Roles"
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