محاسبه بهای تمام‌شده‌ خدمات بخش آزمایشگاه درمانگاه اعلمی هرندی تأمین اجتماعی اصفهان بر اساس روش هزینه‌یابی بر مبنای فعالیت زمان‌گرا و مقایسه آن با تعرفه‌های مصوب در سال 1394

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

مربی حسابداری دانشگاه پیام نور تهران.

چکیده

چکیده
مقدمه: بیمارستان‌ها و درمانگاه‌ها با چالش کمبود منابع و افزایش هزینه‌ها مواجه هستند. بنابراین، اطلاعات در مورد هزینه‌ها و بهای تمام‌شده‌ی خدمات سلامت می‌تواند در تخصیص بهینه منابع، شناسایی سطح عملکرد مراکز فعالیت در مصرف منابع، اصلاح بودجه و نرخ تعرفه مؤثر باشد.
روش پژوهش: روش این پژوهش بر اساس هدف، کاربردی-‌توسعه‌ای و از نظر ماهیت، توصیفی-‌پیمایشی است و برای گردآوری داده‌ها و تجزیه‌وتحلیل آن از روش‌های کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی استفاده شده ‌است. در این پژوهش بهای تمام‌شده‌ 51 نوع آزمایش، با استفاده از روش هزینه‌یابی بر مبنای فعالیت زمان‌گرا محاسبه و با تعرفه‌های مصوب سال 1394 مقایسه شد. در پایان تفاوت میانگین بهای تمام‌شده محاسبه شده با میانگین تعرفه‌های مصوب با استفاده از t زوجی آزمون شد.
یافته‌ها: هزینه‌های منتسب به بخش آزمایشگاه بالغ بر 636ر912ر068ر1 ریال محاسبه شد که از این میزان بیشترین سهم، به ترتیب، مربوط به حقوق و مزایای کارکنان (66%)، هزینه‌های مراکز فعالیت پشتیبانی (18%) و هزینه استهلاک تجهیزات آزمایشگاهی (7%) است. بهای تمام‌شده‌ برخی از خدمات ارائه شده در این بخش کم‌تر از تعرفه‌های مصوب و برخی بیشتر بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد که بین بهای تمام‌شده‌ واقعی خدمات و تعرفه‌های مصوب تفاوت وجود دارد. در نتیجه، بهتر است برای قیمت‌گذاری درست‌تر خدمات از روش‌های دقیق محاسبه هزینه‌ها مانند روش هزینه‌یابی بر مبنای فعالیت زمان‌گرا استفاده شود. با توجه به سهم بالای هزینه‌های مربوط به کارکنان و هزینه‌های تخصیص‌یافته از مراکز فعالیت پشتیبانی، توجه ویژه به این منابع، استفاده درست و مناسب از آن، تجدید در ساختار نیروی انسانی، چند تخصصی‌کردن کارکنان، شناسایی و حذف هزینه‌های هدررفت منابع انسانی و تعیین ظرفیت بلااستفاده بخش آزمایشگاه می‌تواند گام‌های مؤثری در جهت افزایش کارایی و صرفه‌جویی در هزینه‌ها باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Calculating the Cost of Services of Laboratory in Alami Herandi Clinic of Isfahan Social Security Organization Using Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing and Comparing It with the Approved Tariffs in 2015

نویسنده [English]

  • Sayyed Amin Alamshah
Instructor, Department of Accounting, Payame Noor University , Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Since hospitals and clinics are confronting the challenge of resource shortages and rising costs, the information of the costs of health services can be efficient in optimal resource allocation and identifying the performance of centers active in using resources, budget reform and tariff rates.
Method: This study applies the practical-developmental method and it is descriptive-survey research. The library and field methods were administered to collect and analyze data. The costs of service for 51 types of tests were compared through time-driven activity-based costing and tariffs approved over 2015. Finally, the difference between the mean of cost and the mean of tariff rates was analyzed by paired sample t-test.
Results: The expenses of the laboratory is estimated 1,068, 912, 636 Rials, which the maximum amount is dedicated to staffs’ salaries and benefits (66%), the expenses of logistic centers (18%), and the depreciation expenses of the laboratory equipment (7%).  The cost of some services provided in this department is more and sometimes less than the approved tariffs.
Conclusion: According to the results, there is a difference between the real cost of services and the approved tariffs, thus in order to price the services more accurately, precise methods such as time-driven activity-based costing can be used.  Regarding the high expanses of staff and costs allocated by the logistic centers, taking these resources into consideration significantly as well as spending them properly and effectively, reviewing the structure of human powers, assigning certain tasks to staff, identifying and removing the extra expenses of human powers and determining the unused capacity of the laboratory may raise increase efficiency and avoid unnecessary expenses.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Activity-Based Costing
  • Cost
  • Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing
  • Laboratory
  • Clinic
  • Social Security Organization
  • Treatment Tariff

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