بررسی توسعه بخش خصوصی در گردشگری سلامت (بر مبنای مدل کرت لوین)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران.

2 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران.

3 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت اجرایی، دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه تهران

4 دانشجوی دکترای اقتصاد سلامت، دانشکده مدیریت و اطلاع رسانی پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی، درمانی ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: با توجه به درآمد بالای گردشگری سلامت، بسیاری از فعالان بخش خصوصی تمایل دارند در این زمینه فعالیت کنند. با این وجود سهم کشور ایران از این صنعت بسیار ناچیز بوده و به دنبال آن مجموعه‌های خصوصی فعال و موفق شکل نگرفته است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی عوامل بازدارنده و پیش‌برنده فعالیت بخش خصوصی در گردشگری سلامت است.
روش پژوهش: این پژوهش به صورت مقطعی و گذشته‌نگر انجام شده است. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از پرسش‌نامه ساختار یافته با امتیازدهی لیکرت استفاده و داده‌ها به روش مصاحبه حضوری گردآوری شده است. جامعه مطالعه شامل 60 نفر از مدیران دفاتر گردشگری تهران است. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 16 انجام شده و به منظور ارزیابی نتایج و تحلیل داده‌ها از شاخص‌های مرکزی، آزمون t تک نمونه‌ای و خی دو استقلال استفاده شده است.
یافته‌ها: میانگین امتیازات بدست آمده در بعد فن‌آوری، سیاست‌گذاری، هماهنگی و امنیت به عنوان عامل بازدارنده، به ترتیب، برابر با 25/3، 92/3، 90/3 و 02/4 بوده و به عنوان عامل پیش‌برنده میانگین امتیازها، به ترتیب، برابر با 14/4، 47/3، 04/4 و 53/2 بوده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که به غیر از امنیت در بعد پیش‌برنده میانگین امتیازات بدست آمده از میانگین مورد انتظار (3) بالاتر است.
نتیجه‌گیری: عوامل تعدد مراکز تصمیم‌گیری و سیاست‌گذاری، نبود هماهنگی بین بخش خصوصی و دولتی، موانع فن‌آوری و تلقی گردشگران مبنی بر ناامن بودن با تمایل نداشتن بخش خصوصی برای فعالیت در گردشگری سلامت رابطه مستقیم دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Development of the Private Sector in Health Tourism (Based On Lewin's Model)

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. R. Seyydjavadyn 1
  • M. Shafaei 2
  • H. Shafaghat Lonbar 3
  • B. Najafi 4
1 Professor of Management, School of Management, Tehran University.
2 M. S. in Business Management, School of Management, Tehran University
3 M. S. in Executive Management, School of Management, Tehran University.
4 Ph. D. Student in Health Economics, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Given the high income that can be earned from health tourism, many people in private sectors are willing to enter this field. Nevertheless, Iran's share of this source of income is small since no active and successful bodies in health tourism market have been developed in private sector. The purpose of this paper is to identify the driving as well as the constraining factors of private sector development in health tourism.
Method: This paper is cross-sectional and retrospective. The data were gathered via structured Likert scale questionnaire and face to face interview. The participants of this study were 60 managers working in different tourism agencies in Tehran. In order to analyze the data and evaluate the results, t-test and chi-square test were run using SPSS software version 16. 
Results: The results of the study indicate that the averages of technology, policy, coordination and security as constraining factors are 3.25, 3.92, 3.90, and 4.02 while they are 4.14, 3.47, 4.04 and 2.53 as driving factors. The results show that except the safety as a driving factor, the averages are higher than (3) for other factors.
Conclusion: The multiplicity of decision making and policy making centers, lack of coordination between private and public sectors, technological restrictions and tourists' attitudes concerning unsafety are directly related to the  unwillingness of the private sector in investing in health tourism.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Health tourism
  • Private Sector
  • Driving Factors
  • Constraining Factors

مراجع

1        Tayebi, K.; Babaki, R.; and A. Jabari (2007). “Investigating the Relationship between Tourism Development and Economic Growth in Iran”. Economic Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, No. 26, pp. 83-110. [In Persian]
2        Kazemi, Z. (2008). “Study of Effective Factors for Attracting Medical Tourist in Iran”. Masetr Thesis, Lulea: Lulea University ofTechnology.
3        Nasiri Poor, A. A. and L. Salmani (2010). “The Role of Tehran Hospitals' Ability to Develop Medical Tourism”. Journal of Hospital, Nos. 3 and 4, pp. 57-68. [In Persian]
4        Haghighi Kafash, M.; Ziyaei, M.; and G. Jafari (2009). “Prioritization of the Factors Related to the Development of Medical Tourism in Iran”. Journal of Tourism Studies, No. 11, pp. 23-
41. [In Persian]
5        Hosseini, M. (2009). “Examining Iran's Capabilities in the Field of Health Tourism and Identifying the Influential Factors in its Development”. Master's Thesis, Faculty of Management,Tehran University. [In Persian]
6        Carrera, P. M. and J. S. Bridges (2006). “Health and Medical Tourism: What They Mean and Imply for Health Care Systems”, Geneva Association Information Newsletter, Vol. 15, pp. 1‐4.
7        TRAM (2006). “Medical Tourism: A Global Analysis”. A Report by Tourism Research and Marketing (TRAM), ATLAS, Available at: http://www.bm.nsysu.edu.tw/tutorial/iylu/12th%20ICIT/07-07.pdf, [online] [22 June 2011].
8        World Economic Forum (2013). “The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report”. Available at: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_TT_Competitiveness_Report_2013.pdf  [online] [30 November 2013].
9        Mostofiolmamaleki, R. and S. Farmani (2009). “Evaluation of the Quality of Tourism Services in Residential Units and Hotels in Shiraz”. Journal of Geography and Environmental Studies-Department of Geography, No. 2, pp. 35-44. [In Persian].
10    Forghandust Haghighi, K. and H. Hashemi Soleimani (2009). “Review of Barriers to Private Sector Investment in Tourism Industry of Iran”. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Financial System Development in Iran,1 to 3 March, pp. 627-643. [In Persian].
11    Kamali, Y. (2007). “Evaluation of Tourism Development Policies )Development Plan (from the Perspective of Public Policy”. Journal ofDevelopmentEconomics, Nos. 25 and 26, pp. 15-18. [In Persian]
12    Vahed Poor, G. (1390). “Management Strategies and Sustainable Development of Tourism Infrastructure with Emphasis on (SWOT(”. Journal ofRegionalPlanning, No. 1, pp. 85-100. [In Persian]
13    Samadian, A.; Hoseini, H.; and M. Negine Raoof Ava (2009). “The Role of Education in Developing Infrastructure of Tourism Industry”. Journal ofHuman Geography, No. 4, pp. 105-118. [In Persian]
14    Amiri, M. (2007). “The Major Challenges and Obstacles in the Realization and Implementation of Vision Document”. Journal of Strategic Defense Studies, No. 28, pp. 33-46. [In Persian]
15    Borumand, Z. (2006). Managementand Organizational Behavior. 12th Edition, Tehran: Payame Noor University. [In Persian]
16    Jabari, A. (2008). “Modeling Health Tourism in Iran” .Ph. D. Dissertation of Health ServicesManagement, Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services. In Haghighi Kafash, M.; Ziyaei, M.; and G. Jafari (1388). “Prioritization of the Factors Related to the Development of Medical Tourism in Iran”. Journal of Tourism Studies, No. 11, pp. 23-41. [In Persian]
17    Veisi, H. and A. Rezvanfar (2006). “Developing Appropriate Strategies for the Co-Management of Natural Resources: Field Force Analysis of Issues and Problems of Natural Resources-A Case Study of Razavar Sub-Basin in Kurdistan Province”. Environmental Sciences, No .13, pp. 11-22. www.sid.ir/fa/VEWSSID/J_ pdf/77113851302.pdf. [online] [30 November 2013]. [In Persian]
18    World Economic Forum. The Global Competitiveness Report 2012-2013. Book pp. 202-203. Available at: http://www3.weforum. org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012-13.pdf. [online] [30 November 2013].
19    Zarabi, A.; Mohamadi, J.; and M. Saghaei (2009). “The Challenges of the Air Transport Industry in Iran) A Case Study of Air Traffic)”. Geography and Environmental Planning, No. 33, pp. 23-42. [In Persian]
20    Hezar Jaribi, J. (2010). “Sense of Social Security from the Perspective of Tourism Development”. Journalof GeographyandEnvironmentalPlanning, Nos. 3 and 4, pp. 57-68. [In Persian]
21    Shojai, M. and N. Noori (2007). “The Evaluation of Government Policies on Tourism and Prividing Development Model for the Country's Tourism Industry”. Journal of Management Knowledge, No. 78, p. 63-90. [In Persian]

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار